The Basic Concept of UNIX, LINUX and its Architecture

Concept of UNIX and its Architecture

UNIX stands for UNiplexed Information Computing System. It’s an operating system which might be solely utilized by its copyrighter. It is a complete bundle of operating system. It is developed by a group of worker together with Brain Kernighan, Ken Thompson, and Dennis Ritchie within the 1960s 1970s. Few example of UNIX system consists of Linux, mac OS, Solaris and AIX.

The place UNIX is used?

It’s generally used on web-server, supercomputer, mainframes and recent year, smartphones, tablets, and personal computer and so on.

UNIX operating system is divided by into four parts

Hardware
Kernel
System call interface(SHELL)
Application

Kernel

Kernel is heart and soul of the operating system. It interacts directly with hardware of the computer through a device that is built into the kernel. Kernel is the main part of architecture of UNIX operating system. Bundles of device drivers.

Function of kernel

Memory management.
Controlling access to the computer.
Handling interrupts.
Handling error.
Maintain the file system.

The system call interface (shell):

It is also heart and soul of UNIX operating system. It is a software program. It acts as a mediator between the kernel and the user. It read the command and interprets them and sends a request to execute a program
So, shell is also called command interpreter.

Function of system call interface (shell)

Opening file.
Writing a file.
Obtaining information about a file.
Executing program.
Terminating a process.
Changing the priority of processes.
Getting time and date.

Application Layer

It is the outermost layer that executes, includes word processor, graphics program, and database management.

Hardware

Hardware includes all the parts of a computer including clocks, timer, device, parts etc. in the UNIX operating architecture.

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Concept of LINUX and its Architecture

Linux stand for is Lovable Intellect Not Using XP Linux is one of the most popular versions of UNIX operating system. It is so powerful and flexible.it supports graphical user interface (GUI) or simply operate your server. It is open source operating system, released under the GNU General Public License. It is free to run, study, modify, and redistribute the source code. Linux was designed considering UNIX compatibility.

Basic feature of Linux operating system

Portable
- Portability means software program can works on several types of hardware in identical approach. Linux kernel and application programs helps their set up on any type of hardware platform.
Open-source
- Linux source code is freely available and it’s group primarily based development project. Multiple groups work in collaboration to reinforce the potential of Linux working system and it’s constantly evolving.
Multi-user
- Linux is a multiuser system means a number of customers can access system resources like memory/ RAM/ software packages at identical time.
Hierarchical file system.
- Linux offers a standard file construction during which system files/ person files are organized.
Security
- Linux provides person security using authentication options like password protection/ controlled access to particular files/ encryption of data.

Disadvantage/Drawbacks of Linux operating system

Hardware drivers
Software alternative
Games
Learning curve

How is Linux different from other operating system?

The core difference between Linux and other popular operating system is that the kernel and other components are free and open-source software. Linux is an open-source operating system whereas other operating system is commercial. Linux has access to source code and alters the code as per user need whereas other operating system doesn’t have access to the source code. In Linux, user has access to the source code of the kernel and alters the code according to his need. It allows a user to modify its source code itself as per the user requirements. It is faster than windows operating system.